Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Among Pregnant Women at Secondary Health Facilities in Akure, Ondo State

Toxoplasmosis during pregnancy poses serious risks including foetal neurological damage, spontaneous abortion, and stillbirth, yet serological screening for Toxoplasma gondii is not routinely integrated into antenatal care in most Nigerian health facilities. This study determines the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies among pregnant women attending secondary health facilities in Akure, Ondo State, South West Nigeria. Serum samples were collected from 180 pregnant women attending three secondary health facilities during the first trimester. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM were detected by commercial ELISA kits following manufacturer instructions. Demographic and exposure risk data were obtained through structured questionnaires. Overall seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG was 41.1 percent, indicating prior infection, while IgM seroprevalence indicating acute or recent infection was 6.7 percent, representing a clinically significant active infection risk in the sample population. Significant associations were found between seropositivity and cat ownership, consumption of undercooked meat, and contact with garden soil. Women of lower educational attainment and rural residence showed higher seroprevalence rates. The study identifies substantial Toxoplasma exposure in Akure pregnant women and argues for inclusion of Toxoplasma serological screening in standard antenatal care packages. Recommendations include healthcare provider education, dietary counselling, and cat ownership hygiene guidance for pregnant women in Ondo State. Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, seroprevalence, pregnancy, Akure, congenital toxoplasmosis