The Role of Hausa Language in Promoting National Unity in Nigeria: Perspectives from South South Nigeria

Hausa functions as one of Nigeria's most widely spoken national languages and a significant inter-ethnic lingua franca, yet its role in national integration processes has been subject to varying interpretations across different geopolitical zones. This study examines perspectives on the role of Hausa language in promoting national unity, drawing on the views of residents of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, in South South Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted, collecting data from 200 respondents of non-Hausa ethnic backgrounds through structured questionnaires assessing attitudes toward Hausa, experiences of using Hausa for inter-ethnic communication, and perceptions of Hausa as a unifying or divisive national force. Focus group discussions with members of three ethnic communities resident in Port Harcourt supplemented the survey data. Findings indicate that attitudes toward Hausa as a lingua franca among South South respondents are mixed, with pragmatic appreciation for its utility in trade and military contexts coexisting with concerns about cultural hegemony and perceptions of northern political dominance. Respondents who had lived or worked in northern Nigeria show more positive attitudes toward Hausa language use. The study argues that the integrative potential of Hausa depends significantly on how its promotion is framed and who controls the narrative of its spread. Recommendations include development of a national Hausa language promotion policy that is explicitly framed in terms of mutual inter-ethnic benefit and supported by community consultation across geopolitical zones. Keywords: Hausa, National unity, Lingua franca, Port Harcourt, South South Nigeria.