Tick Infestation and its Public Health Implications in Cattle Rearing Communities in Adamawa State

Ticks are among the most significant ectoparasites of livestock in Nigeria, transmitting pathogens that affect both animal and human health. This study examined tick infestation patterns in cattle and assessed the associated public health implications in pastoral communities in Adamawa State, North East Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three local government areas. One hundred and fifty cattle were physically examined for tick infestation, and tick specimens were collected, preserved, and identified morphologically using standard taxonomic keys. A concurrent survey of 80 community residents assessed human tick exposure and tick-borne disease awareness. Results indicated that 72% of examined cattle were infested with ticks. Rhipicephalus species were the most prevalent, followed by Amblyomma and Boophilus species. Community residents reported regular tick exposure during animal husbandry activities, yet 83% were unaware of tick-transmitted human diseases such as Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Q fever. The study concludes that high cattle tick burdens and poor community awareness create favorable conditions for tick-borne disease transmission in Adamawa State. Strategic recommendations include integration of tick control into routine veterinary services, community sensitization programs, and establishment of regional surveillance systems for tick-borne pathogens. Keywords: ticks, ectoparasites, zoonosis, Adamawa State, cattle