Women in Church Leadership: Perceptions and Challenges in Pentecostal Churches in Lagos State

This study explores the perceptions of church members and clergy regarding women in leadership positions within Pentecostal churches in Lagos State, South West Nigeria. Recent global discourse on gender equity in religious institutions has intensified scrutiny of how African Pentecostalism navigates biblical interpretations and contemporary social expectations. Using a descriptive survey design, data are collected from 320 respondents drawn from ten Pentecostal congregations in Lagos Island, Lagos Mainland, and Alimosho Local Government Areas. Instruments include structured questionnaires and semi-structured interview guides. The study finds that while a majority of respondents affirm the spiritual gifts of women, significant resistance persists toward women occupying senior pastoral and episcopal roles. This resistance is more pronounced among male respondents aged 45 and above and is frequently justified through selective readings of Pauline epistles. Female respondents, particularly those aged 18 to 35, express stronger support for gender-inclusive leadership structures. The research identifies cultural patriarchy, theological conservatism, and institutional inertia as the primary barriers to women's leadership advancement. The study recommends that Pentecostal theological colleges integrate gender theology modules into their curricula and that church constitutions be reviewed to reflect more inclusive governance frameworks. Keywords: women in leadership, Pentecostalism, gender equity, Lagos State, church governance