Prevalence and Management of Intellectual Disability Among School-Age Children in Benue State

This study examines the prevalence and management of intellectual disability among school-age children in Benue State, North Central Nigeria. Intellectual disability is characterised by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour, typically manifesting before the age of eighteen. Despite being one of the most common developmental conditions globally, its prevalence in Nigerian states remains poorly documented, creating significant gaps in planning and resource allocation. Using a descriptive survey design, the study samples five hundred primary school-age children across four local government areas in Benue State, using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales and a standardised cognitive screening tool as assessment instruments. Data are analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests to explore associations between disability prevalence and variables such as nutritional history, birth complications, and access to early stimulation programmes. The study further investigates management strategies employed by caregivers and teachers, including behavioural modification techniques, community-based rehabilitation, and the use of simplified instructional materials. Findings are expected to contribute to the development of a disability prevalence database for North Central Nigeria. Recommendations focus on strengthening early identification protocols at primary healthcare centres and expanding community awareness campaigns in rural Benue communities. The results will be disseminated to the Benue State Ministry of Education, Health, and Social Welfare to guide coordinated inter-sectoral responses. Keywords: intellectual disability, prevalence, school-age children, Benue State, management.