Knowledge and Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Nursing Mothers in Zaria, Kaduna State

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life is a cornerstone of infant health, yet compliance rates remain low across many Nigerian communities, including those in the North West geopolitical zone. This study assesses the knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among nursing mothers in Zaria, Kaduna State. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study enrolled 240 nursing mothers through multistage sampling. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire collected data on breastfeeding knowledge, practice, and influencing factors. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding recommendations was high, but actual practice rates fell significantly below knowledge levels. Introduction of water and complementary foods before six months was common. Maternal employment and perceived breast milk insufficiency were major determinants of early cessation. Conclusion: The knowledge-practice gap in exclusive breastfeeding in Zaria underscores the need for practical, context-sensitive lactation support at primary care facilities. Family medicine practitioners should provide sustained breastfeeding counselling at postnatal visits and promote workplace lactation policies for employed mothers. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, nursing mothers, infant nutrition, Zaria, Kaduna State