Analysis of Fish Trade Patterns Along the Benue River, Benue State

This study analysed the patterns, volumes, and logistics of fish trade along the Benue River corridor in Benue State, North Central Nigeria. Fish trade along inland river systems constitutes a vital component of food distribution and economic activity in Nigeria's middle belt region, yet its dynamics remain insufficiently documented. Primary data were collected through structured interviews with 90 fish traders, comprising both wholesalers and retailers, in four major fish landing and market centres: Makurdi, Gboko, Otukpa, and Vandeikya. Variables examined included species traded, sourcing patterns, market destinations, trade volumes, pricing, credit arrangements, and transport logistics. Results revealed that smoked and dried catfish dominated trade by volume, constituting 62 percent of total transactions, while fresh tilapia and mud fish accounted for most retail activity. Fish were sourced primarily from local riverine fishers and supplemented by imports from Taraba, Anambra, and Kogi states. Market price fluctuations of up to 40 percent were recorded between peak and off-peak seasons, negatively affecting trader profitability. Road transport was the dominant logistics mode, with significant post-harvest losses occurring due to poor vehicle conditions and distance to urban markets. Female traders outnumbered male traders by a ratio of 2.3:1. Access to institutional credit was extremely limited, with most traders relying on informal revolving credit groups. The study recommends infrastructure improvements, formalised credit access, and digital market information systems to strengthen fish trade efficiency in Benue State. Keywords: fish trade, market analysis, Benue River, post-harvest, inland fisheries