Species Composition of Cockroaches in Food Handling Establishments in Ibadan, Oyo State, South West Nigeria

Cockroaches are major vectors of foodborne pathogens including Salmonella, E. coli, and various helminths, posing significant public health risks in food preparation environments. Ibadan, one of Africa's largest cities by land area, supports a dense network of informal food vendors, restaurants, and market eateries whose hygiene standards are often difficult to regulate. This study investigates the species composition and infestation rates of cockroaches in food handling establishments across three market areas in Ibadan. Sticky traps and visual inspections will be used to sample cockroaches over six weeks in 60 randomly selected establishments including open-air food stalls, restaurants, and abattoirs. Specimens will be identified to species level using morphological keys. A structured questionnaire will be administered to food handlers to assess awareness of cockroach-associated health risks and current pest control practices. Infestation intensity will be compared across establishment types using one-way ANOVA. The study expects to find Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica as the predominant species and high infestation rates in open-air and poorly sealed establishments. Results will be submitted to the Oyo State Ministry of Health as evidence for strengthening food hygiene inspection protocols. Public awareness materials will also be developed for distribution to food vendors. Keywords: cockroach infestation, food establishments, Ibadan, public health, urban pest management