Physiological Assessment of Workers’ Health in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Sector: A Case Study of Onshore Facilities in Ondo State

Onshore oil and gas extraction involves multiple physiological hazards including chemical exposure, heat, and noise, yet systematic health monitoring of workers in this sector remains inconsistent in Nigeria. This study assessed the physiological health status of workers at onshore oil production facilities in Ondo State, South South Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was employed, recruiting 100 workers across operational and administrative roles. Physiological assessments included lung function spirometry, audiometry, blood pressure, and liver function biomarkers. Occupational exposure profiles were documented through structured questionnaire and site inspection records. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used for group comparisons. Results showed that operational workers had significantly reduced spirometric values and elevated hearing thresholds compared to administrative staff, consistent with cumulative chemical and noise exposure effects. Liver enzyme levels were elevated in 24 percent of operational workers. Hypertension was detected in 31 percent of all workers, with the highest prevalence among those in heat-intensive roles. The study concludes that oil sector workers in Ondo State face significant physiological health risks that current occupational health monitoring inadequately addresses. Mandatory annual comprehensive physiological health assessments, personal protective equipment compliance, and occupational exposure limits enforcement are recommended. Keywords: oil and gas workers, occupational health, lung function, hearing, Ondo State.