Analysis of Marine Diesel Engine Performance in Inland Waterway Vessels Operating on the River Benue

Marine diesel engines serve as the primary propulsion system for the majority of inland waterway vessels in Nigeria, yet their performance under local operating conditions remains insufficiently studied. This research analyses the performance characteristics of marine diesel engines aboard passenger and cargo vessels operating on the River Benue in North Central Nigeria, covering the Makurdi to Lokoja corridor. A descriptive survey design was employed, with data collected from engine logs, fuel consumption records, and direct interviews with vessel engineers and operators. Twelve vessels were selected using purposive sampling based on engine type, age, and frequency of operation. Key performance indicators examined include fuel efficiency, thermal efficiency, power output, and maintenance frequency. Findings reveal that a majority of the sampled engines operate below their rated power output, primarily due to inadequate servicing intervals, use of adulterated fuel, and limited access to genuine spare parts. Thermal efficiency is further compromised by worn piston rings and injector nozzles that have not been replaced within the manufacturer-recommended cycles. The research recommends establishment of a certified marine engine service centre along the Benue corridor, improved regulation of marine fuel quality by relevant authorities, and training of local mechanics in engine diagnostic procedures. These findings have implications for river transport safety and economic efficiency in North Central Nigeria. Keywords: marine diesel engine, River Benue, engine performance, fuel efficiency, inland waterway