Study of Wave Energy Potential and Its Application to Coastal Communities in Ondo State

The exploitation of renewable marine energy resources presents a promising pathway for addressing electricity access challenges in coastal communities. This study investigates the wave energy potential along the Ondo State coastline and assesses the feasibility of deploying small-scale wave energy converters to power coastal communities in the South West geopolitical zone. A descriptive research design is adopted, combining oceanographic data analysis, community energy need assessments, and review of existing wave energy technology literature. Wave height, period, and frequency data collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency and offshore buoy records over a five-year period are analysed to estimate the available wave power flux. The study finds that the Ondo coastline receives consistent wave energy resources with average significant wave heights between one and two metres during the dominant swell season, yielding theoretical power densities suitable for small Oscillating Water Column or point absorber type converters. Energy demand surveys conducted in three coastal fishing communities reveal significant reliance on diesel generators for electricity, at high cost and with frequent supply disruptions. The research identifies wave energy as a technically viable supplement to diesel power, subject to further site-specific engineering assessment. Recommendations include a feasibility pilot project in Ilaje Local Government Area, collaboration with engineering faculties of coastal universities, and policy engagement with the Rural Electrification Agency. Keywords: wave energy, Ondo State, coastal electrification, wave energy converter, renewable marine energy