Malaria Parasite Density and Anaemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Delta State, South South Nigeria

Malaria in pregnancy constitutes a major public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa, contributing significantly to maternal anaemia, low birth weight, and adverse perinatal outcomes. This study examines malaria parasite density and its association with anaemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Delta State, South South Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, recruiting 310 pregnant women in their first and second trimesters from selected primary and secondary health facilities in Warri, Asaba, and Agbor. Peripheral blood samples were analysed using Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films for parasite identification and quantification, while haematocrit values were determined using a microcentrifuge. Sociodemographic data, gestational age, parity, bed net usage, and uptake of intermittent preventive treatment were captured through structured questionnaires. Current literature from 2020 to 2024 indicates that despite the scale-up of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, malaria-associated anaemia remains prevalent among pregnant women in southern Nigerian states. This study will determine infection rates and anaemia prevalence, assessing the relationship between parasite load and haemoglobin levels. Findings will provide evidence for improving antenatal malaria prevention protocols in Delta State. Results will be submitted to the Delta State Primary Health Care Development Agency and relevant teaching hospitals for policy review. This research directly supports global and national efforts to achieve maternal health targets under the Sustainable Development Goals. Keywords: malaria in pregnancy, parasite density, maternal anaemia, antenatal care, Delta State.