Physiological Impact of Cassava Processing Dust on Respiratory Health of Female Factory Workers in Imo State, South East Nigeria

Background: Cassava processing is a major agro-industrial activity in South East Nigeria, providing livelihoods predominantly for women. Milling and fermentation operations generate substantial airborne particulate matter, posing occupational respiratory hazards. Epidemiological data on respiratory outcomes specific to cassava processing workers in Imo State are lacking. Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and spirometric abnormalities among female cassava processing factory workers in Imo State compared with administrative workers not exposed to processing dust. Methods: Eighty factory workers and forty unexposed controls will be recruited from two cassava processing facilities in Owerri environs. Respiratory symptom prevalence will be captured using a modified Medical Research Council questionnaire. Forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second will be measured by spirometry. Exposure duration and use of protective equipment will be documented. Independent t-tests and regression analysis will be applied. Expected Outcomes: Workers with longer occupational exposure to cassava dust are expected to show significantly reduced spirometric values and higher prevalence of productive cough and wheezing. Conclusion: Results will reinforce calls for occupational health regulations in Nigeria's informal agro-processing sector. Keywords: cassava dust, respiratory health, spirometry, female factory workers, Imo State.