Epidemiology and Pharmacotherapy Outcomes of Stroke in Patients Admitted at a Tertiary Hospital in Abeokuta, South West Nigeria

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of adult neurological disability in sub-Saharan Africa, yet detailed pharmacotherapy outcome data from Nigerian tertiary centres remain sparse. Understanding the relationship between pharmacological management and stroke outcomes is essential for evidence-based guideline development. This study characterised stroke epidemiology and assessed pharmacotherapy outcomes in admitted stroke patients at the Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta. Methods: A prospective cohort study followed 220 stroke patients admitted over twelve months. Demographic data, stroke type (ischaemic vs haemorrhagic), pharmacotherapy received, and outcomes (30-day mortality, disability at discharge using modified Rankin Scale, and secondary stroke at three months) were recorded. Logistic regression identified pharmacotherapy-related outcome predictors. Results: Ischaemic stroke accounted for 68 percent of cases. Antiplatelets were prescribed in 72 percent of ischaemic stroke patients and statins in 54 percent. Thrombolysis was administered in only 2 percent of eligible patients. 30-day mortality was 24 percent and was significantly associated with haemorrhagic type (OR 3.1), absence of statin therapy (OR 1.9), and antihypertensive non-initiation within 24 hours (OR 2.2). Conclusion: Stroke pharmacotherapy in Abeokuta shows gaps in thrombolysis access and statin use, contributing to adverse outcomes. Evidence-based stroke care protocols must be urgently implemented. Keywords: stroke, pharmacotherapy, outcomes, Abeokuta, ischaemic stroke