Survey of Zoonotic Ectoparasites and Associated Skin Pathology in Dogs in Katsina Urban, Katsina State

Ectoparasitic infestations in dogs are common in Nigeria's North West geopolitical zone and carry significant zoonotic implications, particularly in settings with close human-animal contact. This cross-sectional study surveyed the prevalence of zoonotic ectoparasites and described associated skin pathology in dogs presented to veterinary facilities in Katsina Urban, Katsina State, between January and June 2023. A total of 120 dogs were examined clinically and parasitologically. Ectoparasites recovered were identified by morphological examination under a stereomicroscope. Skin biopsy specimens from affected dogs were processed histologically with haematoxylin and eosin stain. The prevalence of ectoparasitic infestation was 72.5 percent. Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were most prevalent (43.7%), followed by Sarcoptes scabiei (29.0%), Demodex canis (18.3%), and Ctenocephalides felis fleas (9.0%). Histopathological findings associated with sarcoptic mange included orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and dermal infiltration by eosinophils and mast cells. Demodicosis specimens showed mite-filled follicular distension with follicular rupture and granulomatous perifolliulitis. The high prevalence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus supports concern for tick-borne disease transmission to dogs and humans in Katsina. Public health education on hygiene practices when handling dogs and access to acaricide treatments for dog owners are essential preventive measures. Keywords: ectoparasites, dogs, zoonosis, skin pathology, Katsina