Comparative Cardiac Morphometry in Hypertensive and Normotensive Adults Using Echocardiography at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital

Hypertension-induced left ventricular remodelling is a major predictor of cardiovascular events, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Echocardiography provides accurate, non-invasive measurements of cardiac chamber dimensions, wall thickness, and mass that directly quantify the anatomical consequences of sustained elevated blood pressure. In Nigeria, where hypertension affects an estimated 38 percent of adults, cardiac morphometric data stratified by blood pressure status are limited for the South West population. This study aims to compare cardiac morphometric parameters between hypertensive and normotensive adults at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, South West Nigeria. Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography will be performed on 80 hypertensive patients and 80 age- and sex-matched normotensive controls. Left ventricular internal diameter, posterior wall thickness, interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular mass, and ejection fraction will be measured. Left ventricular hypertrophy will be classified as concentric or eccentric based on relative wall thickness calculations. Findings will be correlated with blood pressure level, duration of hypertension, and antihypertensive therapy use. The study anticipates providing echocardiographic cardiac morphometric reference data stratified by hypertensive status for the Ekiti adult population, supporting clinical surveillance of hypertensive cardiac remodelling.

Keywords: cardiac morphometry, echocardiography, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, Ekiti State