Work-Based Learning and Competency Development of Business Education Graduates in Nigerian Hospitality Industries: A Survey in Abuja

This study examined the role of work-based learning in the competency development of Business Education graduates employed in the Nigerian hospitality industry in Abuja, North Central Nigeria. Work-based learning, which integrates structured learning experiences with professional practice, is increasingly recognized as a critical pathway for developing job-relevant competencies among graduates. Abuja, as Nigeria capital and a hub of hospitality and tourism activities, provides a rich context for examining how Business Education graduates develop workplace competencies through immersive professional experiences. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The population comprised 260 Business Education graduates employed in hotels, conference facilities, and hospitality management firms in Abuja. A sample of 130 participants was selected using purposive sampling. Two validated instruments, the Work-Based Learning Experience Scale and the Competency Development Inventory, were used for data collection. Mean, standard deviation, and regression analysis were employed for analysis. Findings indicate that mentoring relationships, task variety, and access to professional networks within the workplace are the strongest predictors of competency development. Graduates who participated in structured training rotations reported higher competency levels in customer service, operations management, and financial administration. The study recommends that hospitality firms in Abuja should formalize work-based learning frameworks for Business Education graduates and collaborate with training institutions to co-design structured internship curricula aligned with industry competency standards. Keywords: work-based learning, competency development, business education graduates, hospitality industry, Abuja