Study of the Factors Contributing to Youth Involvement in Cultism in Akwa Ibom State

Secret cult activities in universities and communities of Akwa Ibom State have generated recurring cycles of violence, academic disruption, and insecurity that undermine educational attainment and community development. This study examined the factors contributing to youth involvement in cultism in Akwa Ibom State, South South Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted among 280 students and out-of-school youth aged 16 to 30 in Uyo and Ikot Ekpene Local Government Areas, using stratified random sampling. A structured questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, family background, peer influence, socioeconomic motivations, and school environment factors. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were applied. Results showed that peer pressure (OR 4.7, p < 0.001), unemployment (OR 3.9, p < 0.001), broken family background (OR 3.2, p < 0.001), and weak school disciplinary systems (OR 2.8, p < 0.001) were the strongest predictors of cult membership. Male respondents were significantly more likely to report cult membership than females. Desire for protection (66.1 percent) and financial benefits (54.3 percent) were the most commonly cited motivations for joining. Religious affiliation showed a significant protective effect. The study concludes that cultism in Akwa Ibom is driven by intersecting economic and social vulnerabilities. Recommendations include school anti-cult education programmes, youth employment initiatives, counselling services at higher institutions, and community-based early intervention for at-risk youth. Keywords: cultism, youth violence, Akwa Ibom State, secret cults, criminological factors