Role of School Sports in Building Resilience Among At-Risk Adolescents in Abuja, FCT

This study investigates the role of participation in school sports in building psychological resilience among at-risk adolescents in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory. Resilience, the capacity to adapt positively in the face of adversity, is increasingly recognised as a key protective factor for adolescents exposed to poverty, family dysfunction, or community violence. School sports programmes offer structured environments that may cultivate resilience through goal-setting, teamwork, perseverance, and achievement experiences. The study employs a descriptive correlational design, involving 250 SS1 and SS2 students from five public secondary schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council. Students were categorised as at-risk based on a composite index of financial vulnerability, family instability, and neighbourhood violence exposure. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and a sports participation frequency questionnaire were used as instruments. Data were analysed using independent samples t-tests and Pearson correlation. Findings indicate that at-risk adolescents with regular sports participation exhibit significantly higher resilience scores than non-participating peers. Team sports, in particular, were associated with greater social support networks and peer bonding, which functioned as protective relational resources. Consistent sports coaches were identified as important adult mentors who contributed to resilience development. These findings support an asset-based perspective on adolescent development that leverages existing school resources. Schools in the FCT are urged to invest in accessible, inclusive sports programmes that prioritise at-risk student participation. Keywords: school sports, resilience, at-risk adolescents, Abuja, positive youth development.