Spatial Assessment of Industrial Pollution Hotspots in Agbara Industrial Estate, Ogun State

Industrial estates in Nigeria's South West geopolitical zone are significant point sources of environmental pollution, yet systematic spatial assessment of pollution hotspots within these estates remains limited. This study conducts a spatial assessment of industrial pollution hotspots in Agbara Industrial Estate, Ogun State, focusing on air emissions, effluent discharge, and solid industrial waste disposal. Ambient air quality measurements for particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds were collected at 25 monitoring stations positioned within and around the estate perimeter. Water samples from six drainage canals receiving industrial effluents were analysed for chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, and oil and grease content. Spatial interpolation using inverse distance weighting was applied to generate pollution concentration surfaces. Results identify three distinct hotspot clusters associated with textile processing, paint manufacturing, and food processing operations. Canal effluent samples consistently exceed Federal Ministry of Environment effluent limitation guidelines, with downstream contamination extending over two kilometres into adjacent farming and residential areas. Air quality exceedances for PM10 are concentrated in the estate's western industrial zone where cement product manufacture and metal fabrication cluster. The study recommends mandatory effluent pre-treatment compliance auditing, installation of real-time emission monitors at identified hotspot facilities, and establishment of a community environmental health monitoring committee. Keywords: industrial pollution, pollution hotspots, Agbara, effluent discharge, air quality.