Prevalence of Anaemia and Its Determinants Among Pregnant Women Attending Primary Healthcare Clinics in Benue State, North Central Nigeria

Anaemia in pregnancy remains a major contributor to maternal morbidity and preterm delivery in Nigeria, particularly in North Central states where iron deficiency, malaria, and poor dietary diversity intersect. This study investigates the prevalence of anaemia and its determinants among pregnant women attending primary healthcare clinics in Benue State. A cross-sectional design is applied to 305 pregnant women in their second and third trimesters, selected through systematic sampling from eight primary healthcare centres across four local government areas. Haemoglobin levels are measured using a portable haemoglobinometer, and structured questionnaires capture data on dietary patterns, malaria history, iron supplementation adherence, number of previous pregnancies, and socioeconomic status. SPSS is used for analysis, with logistic regression identifying significant predictors. WHO defines anaemia in pregnancy as haemoglobin below 11g/dL, and available evidence from Benue State suggests a prevalence exceeding 45 percent, with primigravidae and women with poor dietary diversity most affected. The study is guided by the UNICEF nutritional determinants framework. Findings will guide Benue State's Ministry of Health in strengthening iron-folic acid supplementation distribution, malaria prevention during pregnancy, and dietary counselling in antenatal services. Keywords: anaemia, pregnancy, determinants, primary healthcare, Benue State.