📖 ABSTRACT/OVERVIEW
Treatment-resistant schizophrenia represents the most challenging subtype of psychotic disorder, yet its neuropsychological profile and quality of life determinants in Nigerian patients have not been comprehensively characterised, limiting clinically relevant research from this population. This study conducts a comprehensive neuropsychological and quality of life investigation of Nigerian patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia across three neuropsychiatric centres. A cross-sectional phenotypic comparison design is applied to 180 patients meeting the TREATMENT criteria for treatment-resistant schizophrenia at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Lagos, Kano State Neuropsychiatric Hospital, and Enugu State Neuropsychiatric Hospital, compared with 180 treatment-responsive schizophrenia controls matched for age, gender, and illness duration. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery including MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, and the Quality of Life Scale is administered. Multivariate ANOVA, discriminant function analysis, and structural equation modelling examine group differences and quality of life predictors. Neuropsychological deficit profiles are characterised using normative comparisons with validated Nigerian cognitive norms. The Cognitive Reserve Theory, the Neurocognitive Hypothesis of Schizophrenia, and the Recovery Model provide the theoretical framework. The original contribution includes the first multi-site neuropsychological characterisation of treatment-resistant schizophrenia in Nigeria and establishment of region-specific patient profiles for targeted rehabilitation planning. Findings will advance clinical neuropsychology practice in Nigerian psychiatric settings. Keywords: treatment-resistant schizophrenia, neuropsychology, quality of life, Nigeria, phenotypic investigation.
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