Analysis of Colour Fastness Properties of Adire Textile Produced by Artisans in Abeokuta, Ogun State

Adire textile is a traditional resist-dyed fabric produced in Abeokuta, Ogun State, representing an important cultural heritage and cottage industry in South West Nigeria. Despite its commercial significance, the scientific characterisation of colour fastness properties of artisanally produced Adire remains limited, impeding quality benchmarking and export market access. This study analyses the colour fastness properties of Adire fabric produced using traditional indigo dyeing by artisans operating in the Itoku market cluster, Abeokuta. Fabric samples were collected from ten different artisan producers and subjected to standard ISO assessments for wash fastness, rubbing fastness, perspiration fastness, and light fastness. Colour measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer to quantify colour strength and uniformity across samples. Results reveal significant variability in wash fastness ratings ranging from grade 2 to 4, attributed to differences in dye concentration, fermentation period of the indigo vat, and fixation techniques among artisans. Light fastness ratings of grade 3 to 4 were recorded, reflecting the inherent photosensitivity of natural indigo dye. Rubbing fastness in the wet condition was generally poor, rated at grade 2 across most samples, indicating inadequate fixation under traditional processing conditions. The study recommends the introduction of standardised vat preparation protocols and post-dyeing fixation treatments to improve colour fastness consistency. Findings support the development of a quality certification framework for Adire exports, enhancing competitiveness in international fashion markets. Keywords: Adire textile, colour fastness, indigo dyeing, Abeokuta, artisan production