Analysis of Factors Affecting Housing Delivery in Low-Income Communities in Ibadan

Access to affordable housing for low-income populations remains one of Nigeria's most pressing socioeconomic challenges, with Ibadan's rapidly expanding peri-urban communities particularly underserved. This study analyses the factors affecting housing delivery in low-income communities in Ibadan, Oyo State, focusing on the Agodi-Gate, Abebi, and Alakia districts. A descriptive survey design was employed, with 92 respondents including community residents, housing developers, quantity surveyors, and government housing officials participating through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using mean item scores, frequency tables, and content analysis. Findings identify high land costs, difficulties in accessing mortgage finance, high construction material costs, bureaucratic land titling procedures, and inadequate government subsidy programmes as the principal barriers to low-income housing delivery. The study further reveals that informal construction, characterised by incremental building without professional input, is the dominant housing delivery mode in these communities, resulting in structurally deficient buildings and future maintenance liabilities. Recommendations include the introduction of government-backed mass housing schemes, streamlined land titling through the Oyo State Bureau of Lands, and microfinance products tailored to incremental builders. Quantity surveyors are encouraged to develop affordable consultancy services for low-income clients. This study contributes to housing policy and construction economics knowledge for the South West geopolitical zone. Keywords: housing delivery, low-income communities, Ibadan, affordable housing, quantity surveying