Analytical Study of the Research Gap in Prison Theatre in Nigeria

Prison theatre programmes internationally demonstrate benefits for rehabilitation, reintegration, and prison climate, yet this application of applied theatre is virtually absent from Nigerian correctional practice and scholarship, representing a significant gap in both penal reform and theatre studies. This study analytically examined the research gap in prison theatre in Nigeria through systematic literature review, policy analysis, and original primary research. A systematic scoping review of eight databases identified 48 publications on prison theatre internationally from 2018 to 2024, of which zero were from Nigeria and only 3 from sub-Saharan Africa. Policy review of the Nigerian Correctional Service Act 2019 identified no mention of arts-based rehabilitation programming. Original primary research comprised interviews with 20 Nigerian Correctional Service officials, 8 clinical psychologists working in correctional facilities, and 15 theatre practitioners with interest in applied theatre. Officials confirmed absence of any systematic arts-based programming in assessed facilities. Psychologists identified rehabilitation communication as a key unmet need. Theatre practitioners expressed strong interest in correctional work but cited access barriers and safety concerns. The study identifies five research priorities and proposes a Nigerian Prison Theatre Implementation Pilot Framework aligned with NCoS rehabilitation objectives. Recommendations include NCoS piloting a drama-based rehabilitation programme at three facilities with university theatre department partnership, and international collaboration with established prison theatre programmes.

Keywords: prison theatre, rehabilitation, Nigerian Correctional Service, applied theatre, research gap