Biochemical Evaluation of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Screening in a Blood Bank in Ondo State

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most prevalent inherited enzymopathy in Nigeria, and its screening in blood banks is critical for ensuring the safety of donated blood. This study evaluates the implementation and outcomes of G6PD deficiency screening in a hospital blood bank in Ondo State, South West Nigeria. A cross-sectional institutional evaluation design was adopted, covering 400 blood donations screened over a 12-month period. G6PD enzyme activity was measured using the fluorescent spot test and quantitative spectrophotometric assay. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency among blood donors was determined and stratified by sex, age, and haemoglobin genotype. Concordance between the qualitative screening test and quantitative enzyme assay was calculated to evaluate screening accuracy. The study also assesses standard operating procedure compliance, reagent quality records, and documentation practices for G6PD testing. Consequences of missed G6PD-deficient donations on transfusion outcomes are discussed. Recommendations for strengthening G6PD screening protocols in blood banks across South West Nigeria are provided. Keywords: G6PD deficiency, blood bank screening, enzymopathy, blood donors, Ondo State.