Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness Among Pregnant Women in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja

Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) is a proven strategy for reducing delays in obstetric care-seeking and improving maternal outcomes, encompassing identification of skilled birth attendant, delivery facility, blood donor, transport, and emergency funds. This study assesses birth preparedness and complication readiness among pregnant women attending antenatal care in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, North Central Nigeria. A cross-sectional study enrolled 240 pregnant women from urban and satellite community healthcare facilities in Abuja Municipal Area Council and Gwagwalada. A structured questionnaire based on the JHPIEGO BPCR index assessed preparedness across five core components. A composite BPCR score was computed, with scores of four or above classified as adequately prepared. Overall adequate birth preparedness was 42 percent. Identification of a skilled birth attendant (78 percent) was the most commonly achieved component, while savings for delivery costs (31 percent) and identification of a blood donor (29 percent) were the least achieved. Educational level, multiparity, and number of antenatal visits were significant predictors of adequate BPCR scores. The study reveals substantial gaps in financial and emergency preparedness despite facility identification. Recommendations include dedicated birth preparedness counselling sessions from the first antenatal visit, peer support groups for financial planning, and male partner BPCR education in FCT antenatal facilities. Keywords: birth preparedness, complication readiness, FCT Abuja, antenatal care, maternal health