Design of a Real-Time Environmental Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System Using IoT for Poultry Farms in Imo State

Background: Environmental temperature and humidity regulation is critical for poultry health and productivity in South East Nigerian farms. Traditional manual monitoring is labour-intensive and error-prone. Aim: This project designed and implemented an IoT-based real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system for poultry farms in Imo State. Methods: DHT22 temperature and humidity sensors interfaced with a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller transmitted data to the ThingSpeak cloud platform. Threshold-based SMS alerts via a GSM module notified farm managers of unsafe conditions. The system was deployed in a 2,000-bird broiler house for eight weeks. Results: The system recorded temperature exceedances above 32 degrees Celsius on 14% of monitored hours, predominantly between 12:00 and 16:00. Alert response by farm managers reduced mean exceedance duration from 47 to 18 minutes. Mortality rate in the monitored house was 3.1% compared with 5.4% in the unmonitored control house. Conclusion: IoT-based environmental monitoring demonstrably improves poultry welfare outcomes in Imo State farms. The system's low cost and remote accessibility make it ideal for smallholder deployment. Keywords: IoT, temperature monitoring, poultry farming, Imo State, NodeMCU.