Determinants of Glycaemic Control Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up at Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State

Suboptimal glycaemic control among type 2 diabetic patients in Nigeria leads to accelerating rates of end-organ damage, yet the specific determinants of glycaemic control at district and federal medical centre level in Benue State are analytically uncharacterised. This study examines the determinants of glycaemic control as measured by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) among type 2 diabetic patients attending the endocrinology clinic at Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi. A cross-sectional analytical design is applied to 300 patients selected through systematic sampling. HbA1c is measured using point-of-care testing and classified as controlled (below 7 percent) versus uncontrolled (7 percent and above). Structured questionnaires capture medication adherence (MMAS-8), dietary compliance, physical activity, self-monitoring frequency, duration of diabetes, drug regimen complexity, health literacy, and socioeconomic status. Binary logistic regression in SPSS identifies independent determinants of uncontrolled glycaemia. Available endocrinology literature from North Central Nigeria identifies medication non-adherence and low dietary compliance as the two strongest independent predictors of elevated HbA1c, with patients on insulin reporting higher rates of adherence challenges than those on oral agents. The ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes provide the glycaemic target reference. Findings will support the clinic in developing tailored diabetes self-management education interventions. Keywords: glycaemic control, type 2 diabetes, HbA1c, determinants, Benue State.