Evaluation of Urological Emergency Presentations at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso

Urological emergencies including urinary retention, renal colic, testicular torsion, and urological trauma constitute a significant portion of emergency surgical presentations in Nigerian hospitals. This study evaluates the pattern, management, and outcomes of urological emergencies presenting to Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, Oyo State, South West Nigeria, from 2021 to 2023. A retrospective review of 200 emergency urological case records was performed, capturing patient demographics, diagnosis, initial management, operative or interventional procedures, and short-term outcomes. Descriptive statistics were applied. Acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia was the most common presentation, accounting for 35% of cases. Renal colic and ureteric calculi followed. Testicular torsion was identified in 12 cases, of which only 4 underwent orchidopexy within the critical 6-hour window, resulting in 8 orchidectomies. Urological trauma from road traffic accidents constituted 15% of cases. The study highlights the need for improved public and clinician education on testicular torsion as a time-sensitive emergency. Strengthening after-hours urological cover and equipping emergency departments with basic urological instruments at LAUTECH and analogous institutions in South West Nigeria is recommended. Keywords: urological emergency, urinary retention, testicular torsion, Ogbomoso, urology