Examining the Research Gap in Disability Representation in Nigerian Theatre and Performance Arts

Disability representation in Nigerian theatre raises important questions about who gets to tell stories about disability experiences and how those stories challenge or reinforce ableist social narratives, yet this area remains almost entirely unexamined in Nigerian theatre scholarship. This study examined the research gap in disability representation in Nigerian theatre through systematic literature review and original empirical research. A systematic scoping review of eight databases identified only 3 publications from 2019 to 2024 specifically examining disability in Nigerian theatre, compared to a substantial global literature. Original research comprised a content analysis of 25 Nigerian plays and productions from 2019 to 2023, coded for disability presence, framing (sympathetic, comedic, inspirational, villainous), character agency, and creative participation of disabled practitioners. Analysis revealed that disabled characters appeared in only 7 of 25 productions. Of these, 6 used disability as a plot device rather than as central to character identity. No production was directed by or co-created with disabled persons. Practices such as non-disabled actors performing disabled roles were found in all 7 productions with disabled characters. Primary research interviews with 15 theatre directors revealed limited awareness of disability arts practices. The study identifies critical research gaps and recommends integrating disability arts perspectives into Nigerian theatre education, commissioning work from disabled practitioners, and developing a disability arts policy for NCAC.

Keywords: disability representation, Nigerian theatre, ableism, research gap, inclusive performance