Filarial Worm Infections Among Communities in Anambra State, South East Nigeria: A Parasitological Survey

Lymphatic filariasis and loiasis caused by filarial worms remain significant neglected tropical diseases in parts of southeastern Nigeria, contributing to physical disability and social stigmatisation. This study conducts a parasitological survey of filarial worm infections among adult community members in Anambra State, South East Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was used, recruiting 350 adults from communities in Onitsha North, Awka South, and Ogbaru Local Government Areas, representing riverine, urban, and rural ecotypes. Nocturnal blood samples were collected by finger-prick between 10:00 PM and 2:00 AM and examined using the thick blood film technique to detect microfilariae. Daytime blood samples were additionally examined for Loa loa microfilariae. Sociodemographic data, occupational exposure, knowledge of filariasis, and participation in previous mass drug administration campaigns were recorded. Literature from 2020 to 2024 indicates that communities in southeastern Nigeria continue to harbour filarial infections despite nationwide mass drug administration with ivermectin and albendazole, partly due to suboptimal coverage and compliance. This study will document species-specific prevalence and assess demographic predictors of infection. Results will be submitted to the Anambra State Ministry of Health and the Federal Ministry of Health NTD Division for incorporation into programme monitoring reports. Keywords: lymphatic filariasis, loiasis, microfilariae, Anambra State, mass drug administration.