Genetic Risk Communication Practices for Cancer Among Oncology Nurses in Southwestern Nigerian Hospitals

Oncology nurses occupy a frontline position in communicating genetic cancer risk information to patients and their families. Their ability to accurately convey hereditary cancer risk, explain genetic testing options, and provide psychosocial support is increasingly important as genetic testing becomes integrated into cancer care. This study assessed genetic risk communication practices and competency among oncology nurses in tertiary hospitals across Ogun, Lagos, and Ondo States, South West Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey enrolled 120 oncology nurses using a validated Genetic Nursing Competency Inventory adapted for Nigerian clinical contexts. Domains assessed included knowledge of hereditary cancer syndromes, communication skills, referral practices, and comfort level with genetic topics. Simulated patient scenario assessments were used alongside the questionnaire to evaluate applied communication skills. Mean competency scores indicated significant deficiencies in knowledge of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOCS) and Lynch syndrome. Most nurses expressed discomfort in discussing hereditary risk with patients without specialist supervision. Continuing genetics education and mentorship by clinical geneticists were strongly recommended. The study provides benchmark data for genetics competency standards for oncology nursing practice in South West Nigeria. Keywords: cancer genetics, risk communication, oncology nurses, hereditary cancer, South West Nigeria