Haematological Profile of Children with Sickle Cell Disease Attending the University College Hospital, Ibadan, South West Nigeria

This study evaluates the haematological profile of paediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) attending the haematology clinic of the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State, located in Nigeria's South West geopolitical zone. Sickle cell disease is the most prevalent inherited haemoglobin disorder in Nigeria, and accurate characterisation of haematological parameters in children is essential for optimising clinical management. Using a retrospective cross-sectional design, clinical and laboratory records of 180 children aged 1 to 15 years with confirmed HbSS genotype were reviewed. Full blood count parameters including haemoglobin, packed cell volume, white blood cell count, platelet count, and reticulocyte count were extracted and analysed. Findings showed a mean haemoglobin of 7.4 g/dL and mean packed cell volume of 23.1 percent, consistent with the chronic haemolytic state of HbSS disease. Leukocytosis was recorded in 68 percent of patients, and thrombocytosis in 41 percent, both indicative of ongoing haematopoietic stress. Children below five years of age showed more severe anaemia and higher reticulocyte counts. Episodes of vaso-occlusive crisis were associated with significant neutrophilia. The study recommends routine haematological monitoring every three months, early hydroxyurea therapy consideration for severe phenotypes, and parent education on crisis precipitants to reduce emergency admissions at UCH Ibadan. Keywords: sickle cell disease, haematological profile, children, HbSS, Ibadan.