Hydrogeology and Groundwater Potential Evaluation in Yobe State, North East Nigeria

Yobe State in North East Nigeria confronts severe water scarcity, with large portions of its population depending on groundwater from Chad Formation sediments and basement complex aquifers that require systematic hydrogeological evaluation to support rational exploitation. This study evaluates the groundwater potential of selected local government areas in Yobe State through integration of surface geophysical surveys, borehole log analysis, and remote sensing interpretation. Vertical electrical sounding surveys using the Schlumberger configuration were conducted at forty stations distributed across three local government areas. Interpreted geoelectric sections were used to delineate the depth, thickness, and resistivity character of potential aquifer layers within the Chad Formation continental sands and alluvial deposits. Remote sensing lineament analysis on Landsat 8 imagery was performed to identify structural features that may enhance aquifer productivity in the basement areas. Available borehole logs and yield data compiled from the Yobe State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency were used to validate geophysical interpretations. A groundwater potential zonation map was produced by integrating geophysical, remote sensing, and borehole data within a GIS framework. Recommended borehole sites are identified with depth and design specifications. This study provides an evidence base for the Yobe State Government's accelerated water supply programme serving internally displaced and host communities. Keywords: hydrogeology, groundwater potential, Yobe State, vertical electrical sounding, Chad Formation.