Implementation of Group Counselling for Substance Abuse Management in Correctional Facilities in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory

Substance abuse among inmates in Nigerian correctional facilities represents a complex rehabilitation challenge that demands structured counselling responses aligned with correctional goals. This study evaluated the implementation of group counselling programmes for substance abuse management in correctional facilities in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, North Central Nigeria. A programme evaluation design was used, drawing on records from 180 inmates enrolled in existing group counselling programmes and interviews with 15 correctional counsellors. The Substance Abuse Programme Fidelity Assessment Tool and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-Lite) were employed. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed thematically and through descriptive statistics respectively. Findings indicated that programme implementation was inconsistent, with significant variation in session frequency, facilitator training levels, and access to therapeutic materials. Inmates who completed full programme cycles demonstrated lower self-reported substance craving and improved social functioning compared to partial completers. Correctional counsellors cited resource constraints and security protocol conflicts as primary barriers to programme delivery. The study recommended that the Nigerian Correctional Service develop a standardised substance abuse group counselling framework for all facilities, with trained counsellors mandated in each institution. Adequate funding, supervision infrastructure, and continuity linkage to post-release community services were also advocated. Keywords: substance abuse, group counselling, correctional facilities, Abuja, rehabilitation.