Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Malaria Prevention Among Pregnant Women in Anambra State

Malaria in pregnancy remains a major cause of maternal anaemia, low birth weight, and perinatal mortality in Nigeria, and the knowledge and preventive practices of pregnant women are central to its control. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding malaria prevention among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Anambra State, South East Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at three primary healthcare facilities in Onitsha North, Awka South, and Nnewi North LGAs. A pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 240 pregnant women on malaria knowledge, use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), receipt of intermittent preventive therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP), indoor residual spraying exposure, and care-seeking behaviour during febrile episodes. Results showed that 79.2 percent of respondents demonstrated adequate knowledge of malaria transmission. ITN use was reported by 68.3 percent, but correct and consistent nightly use was practised by only 48.1 percent. IPTp-SP receipt of two or more doses was documented in 62.1 percent of respondents. Barriers to prevention included ITN discomfort due to heat (57.3 percent), stockouts at facilities (31.4 percent), and concerns about drug safety in early pregnancy (28.7 percent). Knowledge of malaria prevention was significantly associated with ITN use (p < 0.01) and IPTp receipt (p < 0.01). The study recommends enhanced antenatal counselling on ITN use, improved IPTp-SP supply chain management, and community education campaigns targeting pregnant women in South East Nigeria. Keywords: malaria prevention, pregnant women, antenatal care, Anambra State, South East Nigeria