Knowledge of Zoonotic Diseases Among Animal Farmers in Imo State

Farmers who rear animals represent the front line of zoonotic disease exposure in Nigeria, yet their knowledge of these diseases often remains limited. This study evaluated the knowledge of zoonotic diseases among animal farmers in Imo State, South East Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 farmers rearing cattle, pigs, poultry, and goats in four local government areas selected by stratified sampling. A structured questionnaire assessed knowledge of disease names, transmission routes, preventive practices, and health-seeking behavior. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results indicated that 41.5% of respondents had heard of at least one zoonotic disease, with rabies being the most recognized. Awareness of brucellosis, leptospirosis, and Q fever was extremely low, below 10% in all cases. Older farmers and those with secondary education showed significantly higher knowledge levels. Only 28% of respondents reported using gloves or other protective gear when handling animals or animal products. The study concludes that knowledge deficits among animal farmers in Imo State represent a significant barrier to zoonotic disease prevention. Multisectoral One Health education initiatives, integration of zoonosis awareness into agricultural extension programs, and community health worker training in rural settings are recommended. Keywords: zoonotic diseases, farmer knowledge, animal husbandry, Imo State, One Health