Management of Forensic Laboratory Quality Systems in Nigerian State Government Facilities

Forensic laboratory quality management is fundamental to the reliability and legal defensibility of scientific findings used in criminal proceedings. This study examines the implementation of quality management systems in state government forensic laboratories across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones. A multi-site descriptive survey design was used, collecting data from quality management personnel, laboratory managers, and accreditation officers at twelve state forensic laboratories through structured questionnaires and document audits. The study assesses conformity with ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation requirements, identifying gaps in documentation, proficiency testing, instrument calibration, and personnel competency assessment. Findings indicate that only two of the twelve surveyed laboratories had pursued formal accreditation, and fewer than thirty percent maintained up-to-date calibration records for critical instruments. Proficiency testing participation was absent in nine laboratories, and internal quality audits were conducted in only four facilities. Management-level awareness of quality system requirements was identified as a significant deficit, with laboratory heads frequently prioritising case throughput over quality compliance activities. The study recommends a nationally coordinated forensic laboratory accreditation programme, supported by the Standards Organisation of Nigeria and the Nigerian Institute of Forensic Science, with technical assistance provided to state laboratories in building accreditation-ready quality systems. Keywords: forensic laboratory, quality management, ISO 17025, accreditation, Nigeria.