Mothers’ Knowledge and Practice of Oral Rehydration Therapy for Childhood Diarrhoea in Zaria, Kaduna State, North West Nigeria

Oral rehydration therapy remains the cornerstone of diarrhoeal disease management in children under five and is a proven, cost-effective intervention for preventing dehydration-related mortality. This study evaluated the knowledge and practice of oral rehydration therapy among mothers of children under five in Zaria, Kaduna State, North West Nigeria. A cross-sectional community-based design was employed, with 300 mothers selected through multistage random sampling from six communities within Zaria local government area. The questionnaire assessed awareness of oral rehydration salts, preparation techniques, volumes administered, and ability to recognize signs of dehydration. Results showed that 69 percent of mothers were aware of oral rehydration salts, but only 41 percent could correctly demonstrate preparation according to standard guidelines. Many respondents added excess or insufficient water, altering osmolarity. Homemade salt-sugar solutions were used by 22 percent of mothers, often with incorrect ratios. Signs of severe dehydration were correctly identified by fewer than 35 percent of respondents. Educational level, exposure to health workers, and past health education sessions were significantly associated with adequate practice. The study recommends targeted pharmacist-led education campaigns and integration of oral rehydration therapy practice sessions into well-child clinic visits. Community pharmacies in Zaria should also stock pre-packaged oral rehydration salts at subsidized rates. Keywords: oral rehydration therapy, childhood diarrhoea, mothers, Zaria, paediatric care