Patterns of Self-Medication Among University Undergraduates in Ile-Ife, Osun State

Background: Self-medication is a widespread practice among young people in Nigeria, carrying risks of incorrect diagnosis, drug interactions, and antimicrobial resistance. This study investigates the pattern and determinants of self-medication among undergraduate students at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, in the South West geopolitical zone. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 320 undergraduates recruited by stratified random sampling across six faculties. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire assessed self-medication practices, types of drugs used, and motivating factors. Results: Prevalence of self-medication in the preceding three months was high. Analgesics, antimalarials, and antibiotics were the most commonly self-administered drug classes. Cost of formal healthcare consultations, convenience, and prior prescription experience were the leading drivers. Conclusion: The high prevalence of self-medication among university students in Ile-Ife underscores an urgent need for health education on prescription drug safety and the importance of medical consultation. Family medicine units within university health services should implement targeted awareness campaigns to reduce irrational self-medication. Keywords: self-medication, undergraduates, drug use, Ile-Ife, antimicrobial resistance