📖 ABSTRACT/OVERVIEW
Chromolaena odorata is an invasive plant species widely distributed across the agricultural zones of North Central Nigeria, particularly in Benue State, where it is applied topically by farmers and traditional healers for the rapid treatment of fresh wounds and skin infections. This study examines the phytochemical composition and wound healing potential of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Chromolaena odorata leaves. Standard phytochemical screening methods were employed to characterise secondary metabolites. Wound healing was evaluated using excision and incision wound models in Wistar albino rats. Animals were divided into groups treated with crude leaf extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg), a reference drug (framycetin sulphate), and a negative control. Wound contraction rate, epithelialisation period, and tensile strength were measured over 21 days. Phytochemical analysis identified flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids as major constituents. Significant wound contraction and reduced epithelialisation period were observed in extract-treated animals compared to controls. Histological analysis revealed enhanced fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition in treated wound tissues. These outcomes provide pharmacological evidence supporting the ethnomedicinal claims for Chromolaena odorata in wound management across Benue State farming communities. Keywords: Chromolaena odorata, wound healing, Benue State, phytochemical, excision model
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