Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hypertensive Heart Disease Among Adults Attending Cardiology Clinic at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State

Hypertensive heart disease, encompassing left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure attributable to systemic hypertension, represents a major cause of cardiac morbidity in northern Nigeria. This study investigates the prevalence and risk factors for hypertensive heart disease among adult patients attending the cardiology clinic at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State. A cross-sectional analytical design is applied to 340 patients aged 30 years and above, selected through systematic sampling over a six-month data collection period. Echocardiographic data, blood pressure measurements, fasting lipid profiles, renal function tests, and structured questionnaires capturing lifestyle and treatment adherence history are used. SPSS is employed for analysis, with logistic regression identifying independent risk factors. Available cardiology literature from North West Nigeria reports that hypertensive heart disease accounts for approximately 35 to 45 percent of heart failure presentations in teaching hospital cardiology units. The American College of Cardiology and European Society of Cardiology diagnostic criteria guide case classification. Findings will support the unit in developing targeted secondary prevention protocols and patient education programmes. Keywords: hypertensive heart disease, risk factors, cardiology clinic, Kaduna State, North West Nigeria.