Prevalence and Risk Factors of Ocular Hypertension Among Adults in Abeokuta, Ogun State

Ocular hypertension, defined as intraocular pressure above 21 mmHg without detectable glaucomatous optic nerve damage, is a significant risk factor for glaucoma and warrants systematic population-based assessment in Nigeria. This study estimates the prevalence and identifies risk factors for ocular hypertension among adults aged 40 and above in Abeokuta, Ogun State, South West Nigeria. A cross-sectional population-based design will be employed in four communities in Abeokuta South local government area. Intraocular pressure will be measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry at a dedicated community eye screening outpost. Data on blood pressure, body mass index, family history of glaucoma, and systemic medication use will be collected. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis will be used to determine prevalence and identify associated factors. Population-based studies from West Africa consistently show elevated IOP prevalence in persons over 40, particularly among those with systemic hypertension, obesity, and a positive family history of glaucoma. However, community-based data from Ogun State specifically is limited. This study contributes to filling this evidence gap and will provide data relevant to the Ogun State Primary Health Care Development Agency for designing glaucoma screening programmes. Recommendations will focus on integrating IOP screening into non-communicable disease health checks already conducted at community pharmacies, community health centres, and churches in the Abeokuta metropolis. Early identification and monitoring of ocular hypertension is a priority step in preventing glaucoma in Nigeria's ageing population. Keywords: ocular hypertension, intraocular pressure, glaucoma risk, Abeokuta, Ogun State