Survey of Equine Skin Conditions Managed by Local Practitioners in Niger State

Dermatological conditions affecting horses are common in tropical sub-Saharan environments and can significantly impair animal performance and welfare. This survey investigates the types, prevalence, and management approaches for equine skin conditions applied by local veterinary practitioners and para-veterinarians in Niger State, North Central Nigeria, from October 2022 to September 2023. A structured field survey involving 54 practitioners was conducted across six local government areas, supplemented by clinical examination of 278 horses at major equine gathering points. Skin conditions were classified as infectious, parasitic, traumatic, or nutritional in origin. Dermatophytosis and culicoides hypersensitivity were the most frequently encountered infectious and allergic conditions at 31% and 24% of cases respectively. Wound-associated skin conditions from harness trauma accounted for 18% of presentations. Mange infestation was identified in 14% of examined horses. Treatment approaches varied widely, with 63% of practitioners relying on traditional plant-based remedies without complementary pharmaceutical agents. Accurate etiological diagnosis was made in only 44% of cases managed in the field. The survey reveals significant gaps in diagnostic capacity and pharmacological knowledge among local practitioners. A standardized equine dermatology training module integrated into veterinary extension programs in Niger State is recommended, alongside the provision of essential diagnostic kits and approved pharmaceutical agents for equine skin disease management. Keywords: equine dermatology, skin disease, horse health, Niger State, traditional veterinary practice.