Survey of Radiological Hazard Awareness Among Veterinary Staff at Teaching Hospitals in the South East Zone

Radiation safety is a critical occupational health concern for veterinary personnel involved in diagnostic imaging procedures, and inadequate hazard awareness increases the risk of chronic low-dose radiation exposure and associated health consequences. This study surveys radiation hazard awareness, protective practices, and institutional safety frameworks among veterinary staff involved in radiographic procedures at teaching hospitals in the South East geopolitical zone, covering Enugu, Anambra, Ebonyi, Imo, and Abia States. A cross-sectional study using validated structured questionnaires was conducted between March and September 2023, targeting 94 veterinary surgeons, radiology technicians, and nursing staff involved in radiographic procedures. Knowledge scores on ionizing radiation biology, as low as reasonably achievable principles, and permissible exposure limits were assessed. Only 38% of respondents demonstrated adequate knowledge of radiation dose concepts. Personal dosimeter use was reported by 22% of staff, and lead apron availability was confirmed by 61% of participants. Proper positioning and restraint during radiography to minimize staff exposure was practiced consistently by 34% of respondents. Institutional radiation safety committees existed at only 2 of 5 surveyed hospitals. Significant knowledge gaps were identified among junior staff and para-professional personnel. The study recommends mandatory radiation safety induction for all veterinary hospital staff, establishment of radiation protection committees at all teaching hospitals, and routine dosimetry monitoring as a professional regulatory requirement in South Eastern Nigerian veterinary facilities. Keywords: radiation safety, veterinary radiology, occupational health, South East Nigeria, dosimetry.