Urban Land Surface Temperature and Green Infrastructure Mapping in Abuja FCT

Urban heat islands driven by expanding impervious surfaces and declining green infrastructure pose growing public health and energy challenges for Nigeria's capital city. This study maps land surface temperature and green infrastructure across Abuja FCT and analyses their spatial relationship using Landsat 8 thermal infrared imagery and Sentinel-2 multispectral data. Land surface temperature is retrieved using the radiative transfer equation method, while green infrastructure types including parks, street trees, riparian corridors, and domestic gardens are mapped using object-based image analysis. Geographically weighted regression models quantify the temperature reduction efficiency of different green infrastructure types at the neighbourhood scale. Results indicate that green infrastructure provides average surface temperature reductions of 2.1 to 4.7 degrees Celsius relative to surrounding impervious surfaces, with riparian corridors exhibiting the strongest cooling effect per unit area. Spatial planning recommendations identify 18 priority locations for green infrastructure enhancement to maximise urban cooling benefits across the metropolitan area. Keywords: urban heat island, green infrastructure, land surface temperature, Abuja, GIS