Analysis of Food Security Status Among Rural Farming Households in Benue State, North Central Nigeria

Food insecurity continues to threaten the welfare of rural farming households across North Central Nigeria, where persistent conflict, climatic variability, and market access challenges undermine household food availability. Benue State, despite its substantial agricultural production potential, records significant seasonal food insecurity gaps. This study analysed the food security status of rural farming households in Benue State using household survey data from 120 farming families selected across three local government areas. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and dietary diversity score were applied as primary measurement tools, complemented by descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results revealed that 58 percent of households experienced moderate to severe food insecurity during the lean season, with female-headed households and households with fewer productive assets at disproportionately higher risk. Land size, off-farm income, and livestock ownership were significant positive predictors of food security status. Seasonal conflict-related displacement was identified as an exacerbating factor reducing cropping activities and disrupting market participation. The study recommends strengthening conflict-sensitive agricultural programming in Benue State, improving rural market infrastructure, and expanding social protection coverage to vulnerable farming households. Diversification of farm enterprises and post-harvest storage support are also critical interventions. These findings contribute to evidence-based food policy planning at the state and federal levels. Keywords: food security, rural households, Benue State, dietary diversity, farm income.