Haemoparasites of Domestic Pigs in Ogun State, South West Nigeria

This study surveys the prevalence and species distribution of haemoparasites in domestic pigs in selected communities in Ogun State, located in Nigeria's South West geopolitical zone. Haemoparasitic infections in pigs, including Trypanosoma spp., Babesia spp., and Theileria spp., cause significant anaemia, weight loss, reduced growth rates, and increased susceptibility to secondary infections, yet systematic surveys of pig haemoparasites in South West Nigeria are limited. Using a cross-sectional design, blood samples were collected from 180 pigs from 20 farms across four local government areas in Ogun State. Thick and thin blood films were prepared, stained with Giemsa, and examined by light microscopy for haemoparasites. The buffy coat technique was used as a supplementary diagnostic method. Haematological parameters including packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, and total white blood cell count were measured. Data on pig breed, age, sex, and ectoparasite burden were also collected. Findings revealed a haemoparasite prevalence of 28 percent. Trypanosoma spp. was the most commonly identified organism (18%), followed by Babesia spp. (7%) and mixed infections (3%). Infected pigs showed significantly lower PCV (22 vs 32%) and haemoglobin values than uninfected animals. Young pigs below six months of age showed higher prevalence, suggesting reduced age-related immunity. The study recommends integrated vector control and routine haemoparasite surveillance for pig herds in South West Nigeria. Keywords: haemoparasites, pigs, Ogun State, Trypanosoma, anaemia.