Utilisation of Oral Health Services and Associated Factors Among Adults in Maiduguri, Borno State

Oral health diseases including dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer are prevalent in Nigeria yet remain largely undertreated, particularly in conflict-affected communities in the North East. This study investigated the utilisation of oral health services and associated factors among adults in Maiduguri, Borno State. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted, with 270 adults recruited from community health centres and marketplaces in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on oral hygiene practices, service utilisation, barriers, and health education exposure. Descriptive and chi-square statistics were applied. Results showed that only 24 percent of respondents had visited a dental facility in the preceding 12 months, with pain as the primary reason for visits rather than preventive care. Low awareness of oral health services, cost, perceived cultural irrelevance, and lack of dental facilities were identified as significant barriers. Respondents who had received oral health education from health workers demonstrated significantly higher rates of toothbrushing twice daily. The study recommended integration of oral health education into primary healthcare services in Borno State and advocacy for mobile dental clinics in hard-to-reach communities. Keywords: oral health, service utilisation, adults, Maiduguri, Borno State